Perangkat Keras Komputer (Hardware)

oKomponen Hardware

• nCentral Processing Unit(CPU) 
• Media Penyimpanan atau Memory 
• Input Device (Peralatan Input)
•   Output Device (Peralatan Output) 
• Communication Device (Peralatan Komunikasi)

oCentral Processing Unit (CPU)

nKomponen CPU :

• Control Unit
•   Arithmatic Logic Unit  (ALU)

o

  

oMachine Cycle (Siklus Mesin)

• nFetch 
• Decode 
• Execute 
• Store 
• Communication Device (Peralatan Komunikasi)

 

oFaktor Penentu Kemampuan Prosesor:

• nSystem Clock
•  Bus Width   
• I/O Bus   
• Data Bus   

• Word Size

oJenis Proses :

• nSerial Processing
• nParallel Processing
• oSIMD (Single Instructin Multiple Data)
• oMIMD (Multiple Instructin Multiple Data)
• Pipeline Processing

o 

Tahapan Proses :

• nPengambilan instruksi
• nPenerjamahan instruksi
• nEkseskusi instruksi
• nPenulisan hasil instruksi

Media Penyimpanan (Storage)

• nPrimary Storage
• oRAM (Random Access Memory)
• nDRAM (Dynamic RAM) 

o

• SRAM (Static RAM)

• nEDORAM (Extended Data Out RAM ) 72 pin

• nSDRAM 168 pin

• oROM (Read Only Memory)
• PROM  

• EPROM  

• EEPROM

 

• oCircuit Board
• nSIMM (Single In-line Memory Module)
• nDIMM (Dual In-line Memory Module)

• Cache Memory (Flash RAM) 

 

• Video Memory (VRAM) / Video Memory Stick

 

 

• oFlash Memory

• Secondary Storage
• Magnetic Storage
• nMagnetic tape
• Magnetic Disk
• Hard Disk 
• Floppy Disk (Diskette)

•   Optical Storage

o 

Representasi data dalam memori : binary digit

o 

Karakteristik Media Penyimpanan

• nKecepatan
• nVolatility
• nMetode Akses
• oSerial Access
• oRandom Access
• oParalell Access
• nPortability
• nCapacity

o

 

oHirarki media penyimpanan memori berdasarkan karakteristiknya :

 

oPerbandingan Primary Storage dan Secondary Storage :

• nTemporary vs Permanent
• nHanya dapat menyimpan data jika komputer nyala vs Dapat menyimpan data jika komputer mati

o 

Peralatan Input (Input Device)

• nKeyboard
• nPointing Device
• oMouse
• oTrackballo
• oJoystick
• nTerminal 
• Dumb terminal
• qATM
• qPoint of SalesTerminal
• Optical Reading Device (scanner)
• nBarcode Reader   
• Handprint Reader
• Image Scanner

 

oPeralatan Output (Output Device)

nVisual Display (Monitor)

nPrinter

oImpact Printer : dot matrix printer

oNon Impact Printer : inkjetprinter

Plotters

n

n

nComputer Output Microfilm (COM)

nAudio Response Unit (ARU) : Voice Output Device dalam bentuk Flash Memory

 

oPeralatan Komunikasi (Communication Device)

• nModem (Modulation Demodulation)
• oExternal vs Internal Modem
• oSmart Modem
• oFax modem